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In the United States, substance abuse and substance use disorders affect all ages, races, genders and economic backgrounds.

Federal agencies collect, compile and distribute annual studies to help policymakers and public health officials evaluate prevention efforts and develop plans to combat substance abuse.

Drug Abuse Statistics

The vast majority of Americans have tried a substance of abuse — either tobacco, alcohol or an illicit drug — at least once in their lives. Alcohol is by far the most common substance of abuse. It’s followed by tobacco and marijuana as the top three substances of abuse in the nation.

Hard drugs such as hallucinogens and cocaine are the next-most-abused substances, followed by various prescription drugs.

Illicit Drug Stats

As expected with increasing legalization efforts across the country, marijuana consumption increased from 2013 to 2014. However, illicit drug use excluding marijuana remained about the same, and past-year and past-month prescription drug abuse rates decreased slightly.

Types of Illicit Drug Use Among
Americans 12 or older in 2013-2014

Drug Name Lifetime (2013) Lifetime (2014)
Illicit Drug 127,458,000 130,332,000
Marijuana and Hashish 114,712,000 117,213,000
Cocaine 37,634,000 39,200,000
Crack 8,870,000 9,424,000
Heroin 4,812,000 4,813,000
Hallucinogens 39,736,000 39,647,000
LSD 24,770,000 25,035,000
PCP 6,462,000 6,388,000
Ecstasy 17,815,000 17,548,000
Inhalants 21,068,000 21,293,000
Prescription Drugs 53,172,000 54,395,000
Pain Relievers 35,473,000 36,064,000
OxyContin 6,973,000 7,031,000
Tranquilizers 23,493,000 24,851,000
Stimulants 21,656,000 22,530,000
Meth 12,257,000 12,943,000
Sedatives 7,480,000 7,826,000
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana 78,076,000 80,119,000
Drug Name Past year (2013) Past year (2014)
Illicit Drug 41,591,000 44,157,000
Marijuana and Hashish 32,952,000 35,124,000
Cocaine 4,182,000 4,553,000
Crack 632,000 773,000
Heroin 681,000 914,000
Hallucinogens 4,430,000 4,250,000
LSD 1,111,000 1,290,000
PCP 90,000 90,000
Ecstasy 2,588,000 2,342,000
Inhalants 1,533,000 1,617,000
Prescription Drugs 15,348,000 14,966,000
Pain Relievers 11,082,000 10,337,000
OxyContin 1,442,000 1,237,000
Tranquilizers 5,269,000 5,202,000
Stimulants 3,492,000 3,715,000
Meth 1,186,000 1,301,000
Sedatives 639,000 775,000
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana 19,868,000 19,719,000
Drug Name Past month (2013) Past month (2014)
Illicit Drug 24,573,000 26,983,000
Marijuana and Hashish 19,810,000 22,188,000
Cocaine 1,549,000 1,530,000
Crack 377,000 354,000
Heroin 289,000 435,000
Hallucinogens 1,333,000 1,173,000
LSD 229,000 287,000
PCP 33,000 *
Ecstasy 660,000 609,000
Inhalants 496,000 546,000
Prescription Drugs 6,484,000 6,537,000
Pain Relievers 4,521,000 4,325,000
OxyContin 492,000 356,000
Tranquilizers 1,705,000 1,875,000
Stimulants 1,365,000 1,595,000
Meth 595,000 569,000
Sedatives 251,000 330,000
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana 8,665,000 8,719,000

* No estimate reported or fewer than 100,000
Source: 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health Back To Top

In 2014, almost half of all Americans reported abusing some kind of illicit drug during their lives. Nearly one third of Americans said they’d used an illicit drug other than marijuana.

Types of Illicit-drug Use Among
Americans 12 or Older in 2013-2014

Drug Lifetime (2013) Lifetime (2014)
Illicit Drugs 48.6% 49.2%
Marijuana and Hashish 43.7% 44.2%
Cocaine 14.3% 14.8%
Crack 3.4% 3.6%
Heroin 1.8% 1.8%
Hallucinogens 15.1% 15.0%
LSD 9.4% 9.4%
PCP 2.5% 2.4%
Ecstasy 6.8% 6.6%
Inhalants 8.0% 8.0%
Prescription Drugs 20.3% 20.5%
Painkillers 13.5% 13.6%
OxyContin 2.7% 2.7%
Tranquilizers 9.0% 9.4%
Stimulants 8.3% 8.5%
Meth 4.7% 4.9%
Sedatives 2.9% 3.0%
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana 29.8% 30.2%
Drug Past year (2013) Past year (2014)
Illicit Drugs 15.9% 16.7%
Marijuana and Hashish 12.6% 13.2%
Cocaine 1.6% 1.7%
Crack 0.2% 0.3%
Heroin 0.3% 0.3%
Hallucinogens 1.7% 1.6%
LSD 0.4% 0.5%
PCP 0.0% 0.0%
Ecstasy 1.0% 0.9%
Inhalants 0.6% 0.6%
Prescription Drugs 5.8% 5.6%
Painkillers 4.2% 3.9%
OxyContin 0.5% 0.5%
Tranquilizers 2.0% 2.0%
Stimulants 1.3% 1.4%
Meth 0.5% 0.5%
Sedatives 0.2% 0.3%
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana 7.6% 7.4%
Drug Past month (2013) Past month (2014)
Illicit Drugs 9.4% 10.2%
Marijuana and Hashish 7.5% 8.4%
Cocaine 0.6% 0.6%
Crack 0.1% 0.1%
Heroin 0.1% 0.2%
Hallucinogens 0.5% 0.4%
LSD 0.1% 0.1%
PCP 0.0% 0.0%
Ecstasy 0.3% 0.2%
Inhalants 0.2% 0.2%
Prescription Drugs 2.5% 2.5%
Painkillers 1.7% 1.6%
OxyContin 0.2% 0.1%
Tranquilizers 0.6% 0.7%
Stimulants 0.5% 0.6%
Meth 0.2% 0.2%
Sedatives 0.1% 0.1%
Illicit Drugs Other than Marijuana 3.3% 3.3%

* No estimate reported.
Source: 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health Back To Top

Alcohol and Tobacco Stats

The number of tobacco users increased very slightly from 2013 to 2014, as did the number of people who reported consuming alcohol. The number of people who admitted binge drinking also increased slightly, but the number of heavy alcohol drinkers slightly decreased.

Tobacco and Alcohol Use Among
Americans 12 or Older

Drug Lifetime (2013) Lifetime (2014)
Tobacco 175,260,000 175,416,000
Cigarettes 162,138,000 161,789,000
Smokeless Tobacco 46,139,000 45,290,000
Cigars 89,117,000 89,267,000
Pipe Tobacco 34,173,000 33,695,000
Alcohol 213,794,000 217,765,000
Binge
Heavy
Drug Past Year (2013) Past Year (2014)
Tobacco 80,846,000 81,141,000
Cigarettes 66,256,000 65,858,000
Smokeless Tobacco 11,866,000 11,559,000
Cigars 24,933,000 23,734,000
Pipe Tobacco
Alcohol 173,966,000 176,556,000
Binge
Heavy
Drug Past Month (2013) Past Month (2014)
Tobacco 66,879,000 66,899,000
Cigarettes 55,778,000 55,241,000
Smokeless Tobacco 8,813,000 8,662,000
Cigars 12,438,000 11,964,000
Pipe Tobacco 2,271,000 2,247,000
Alcohol 136,868,000 139,677,000
Binge 60,064,000 60,941,000
Heavy 16,541,000 16,342,000

– Not Available
Source: 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health Back To Top

Although more people consumed tobacco products in 2014 than in 2013, the percentage of Americans who consumed them decreased. Alcohol consumption percentages remained about the same.

Tobacco and Alcohol Use Among Americans 12 or Older

Drug Lifetime (2013) Lifetime (2014)
Tobacco 66.8% 66.2%
Cigarettes 61.8% 61.0%
Smokeless Tobacco 17.6% 17.1%
Cigars 34.0% 33.7%
Pipe Tobacco 13.0% 12.7%
Alcohol 81.5% 82.1%
Binge
Heavy
Drug Past year (2013) Past year (2014)
Tobacco 30.8% 30.6%
Cigarettes 25.3% 24.8%
Smokeless Tobacco 4.5% 4.4%
Cigars 9.5% 9.0%
Pipe Tobacco
Alcohol 66.3% 66.6%
Binge
Heavy
Drug Past month (2013) Past month (2014)
Tobacco 25.5% 25.2%
Cigarettes 21.3% 20.8%
Smokeless Tobacco 3.4% 3.3%
Cigars 4.7% 4.5%
Pipe Tobacco 0.9% 0.8%
Alcohol 52.2% 52.7%
Binge 22.9% 23.0%
Heavy 6.3% 6.2%

– Not available
Source: 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health Back To Top

Drug-Addiction and Treatment Stats

The number of people suffering from substance use disorders involving illicit drugs increased from 2013 to 2014, with notable increases in people suffering from cocaine addiction, heroin addiction and prescription drug addiction.

The number of people suffering from alcohol addiction decreased slightly overall and across all categorized age groups.

Past-Year Substance Use Disorder Among Americans 12 and Older 2013-2014

Past-Year Substance Use Disorder Total (2013) Total (2014)
Illicit Drugs 6,852,000 7,077,000
Marijuana and Hashish 4,206,000 4,176,000
Cocaine 855,000 913,000
Heroin 517,000 586,000
Hallucinogens 277,000 246,000
Inhalants 132,000 96,000
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics 2,281,000 2,417,000
Pain Relievers 1,879,000 1,918,000
Tranquilizers 423,000 472,000
Stimulants 469,000 476,000
Sedatives 99,000 143,000
Alcohol 17,298,000 16,994,000
Both Illicit Drugs and Alcohol 2,589,000 2,592,000
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol 21,561,000 21,480,000
Past-Year Substance Use Disorder Ages 12-17 (2013) Ages 12-17 (2014)
Illicit Drugs 875,000 867,000
Marijuana and Hashish 715,000 667,000
Cocaine 22,000 27,000
Heroin 10,000 18,000
Hallucinogens 63,000 55,000
Inhalants 41,000 39,000
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics 177,000 241,000
Pain Relievers 134,000 168,000
Tranquilizers 40,000 52,000
Stimulants 42,000 60,000
Sedatives 11,000 29,000
Alcohol 697,000 679,000
Both Illicit Drugs and Alcohol 270,000 296,000
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol 1,302,000 1,251,000
Past-Year Substance Use Disorder Ages 18-25 2013) Ages 18-25 (2014)
Illicit Drugs 2,557,000 2,320,000
Marijuana and Hashish 1,878,000 1,706,000
Cocaine 232,000 185,000
Heroin 182,000 168,000
Hallucinogens 147,000 120,000
Inhalants 47,000 14,000
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics 666,000 559,000
Pain Relievers 485,000 430,000
Tranquilizers 147,000 104,000
Stimulants 171,000 134,000
Sedatives 30,000 20,000
Alcohol 4,529,000 4,284,000
Both Illicit Drugs and Alcohol 1,073,000 908,000
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol 6,014,000 5,696,000
Past-Year Substance Use Disorder Ages 26+ (2013) Ages 26+ (2014)
Illicit Drugs 3,419,000 3,890,000
Marijuana and Hashish 1,612,000 1,804,000
Cocaine 601,000 702,000
Heroin 325,000 400,000
Hallucinogens 67,000 71,000
Inhalants 45,000 42,000
Nonmedical Use of Psychotherapeutics 1,438,000 1,617,000
Pain Relievers 1,260,000 1,320,000
Tranquilizers 236,000 316,000
Stimulants 256,000 281,000
Sedatives 58,000 94,000
Alcohol 12,072,000 12,032,000
Both Illicit Drugs and Alcohol 1,246,000 1,388,000
Illicit Drugs or Alcohol 14,245,000 14,534,000

Source: 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health Back To Top

Past-Year Substance Use Disorder Among
Americans 12 and Older 2013-2014

Demographic Characteristic Illicit drugs (2013) Illicit drugs (2014)
Total 6,852,000 7,077,000
Age
12-17 875,000 867,000
18-25 2,557,000 2,320,000
26 or older 3,419,000 3,890,000
Gender
Male 4,278,000 4,422,000
Female 2,574,000 2,655,000
Race or Ethnicity
Not Hispanic or Latino 5,800,000 5,898,000
White 4,284,000 4,133,000
Black or African-American 1,045,000 1,313,000
American Indian or Alaska Native 69,000 40,000
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 30,000 53,000
Asian 171,000 157,000
Two or more races 202,000 200,000
Hispanic or Latino 1,051,000 1,180,000
Demographic Characteristic Alcohol (2013) Alcohol (2014)
Total 17,298,000 16,994,000
Age
12-17 697,000 679,000
18-25 4,529,000 4,284,000
26 or older 12,072,000 12,032,000
Gender
Male 11,080,000 10,945,000
Female 6,218,000 6,049,000
Race or Ethnicity
Not Hispanic or Latino 14,306,000 14,080,000
White 11,539,000 11,059,000
Black or African-American 1,661,000 1,889,000
American Indian or Alaska Native 180,000 211,000
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander * 66,000
Asian 491,000 511,000
Two or more races 361,000 344,000
Hispanic or Latino 2,992,000 2,915,000
Demographic Characteristic Illicit drugs or alcohol (2013) Illicit drugs or alcohol (2014)
Total 21,561,000 21,480,000
Age
12-17 1,302,000 1,251,000
18-25 6,014,000 5,696,000
26 or older 14,245,000 14,534,000
Gender
Male 13,733,000 13,731,000
Female 7,828,000 7,749,000
Race or Ethnicity
Not Hispanic or Latino 18,006,000 17,867,000
White 14,291,000 13,721,000
Black or African-American 2,324,000 2,713,000
American Indian or Alaska Native 208,000 231,000
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 98,000 102,000
Asian 617,000 619,000
Two or more races 468,000 481,000
Hispanic or Latino 3,554,000 3,614,000

* No estimate reported.
Source: 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health Back To Top

Almost 100,000 more people received treatment for substance use disorders in 2014 compared with 2013. About 2.4 million people received treatment for substance use disorders involving illicit drugs in 2014, up by about 200,000 compared with the year before.

Received Substance-Use Treatment in Past Year,
Ages 12 and older, Demographics 2013-2014

Demographic Characteristic Drugs (2013) Drugs (2014)
Total 2,214,000 2,440,000
Age
12-17 175,000 166,000
18-25 509,000 496,000
26 or older 1,530,000 1,778,000
Gender
Male 1,281,000 1,462,000
Female 933,000 979,000
Race or Ethnicity
Not Hispanic or Latino 1,860,000 2,075,000
White 1,486,000 1,559,000
Black or African-American 272,000 435,000
American Indian or Alaska Native 28,000 22,000
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 9,000 11,000
Asian 27,000 19,000
Two or More Races 38,000 29,000
Hispanic or Latino 355,000 365,000
Demographic Characteristic Alcohol (2013) Alcohol (2014)
Total 2,731,000 2,683,000
Age
12-17 137,000 107,000
18-25 466,000 425,000
26 or older 2,128,000 2,151,000
Gender
Male 1,747,000 1,768,000
Female 984,000 915,000
Race or Ethnicity
Not Hispanic or Latino 2,279,000 2,258,000
White 1,760,000 1,690,000
Black or African-American 319,000 427,000
American Indian or Alaska Native 45,000 37,000
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 9,000 7,000
Asian 68,000 35,000
Two or More Races 77,000 61,000
Hispanic or Latino 452,000 425,000
Demographic Characteristic Both (2013) Both (2014)
Total 1,320,000 1,427,000
Age
12-17 113,000 91,000
18-25 304,000 244,000
26 or older 903,000 1,092,000
Gender
Male 774,000 867,000
Female 546,000 560,000
Race or Ethnicity
Not Hispanic or Latino 1,123,000 1,245,000
White 863,000 872,000
Black or African-American 169,000 320,000
American Indian or Alaska Native 28,000 16,000
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 9,000 4,000
Asian 25,000 14,000
Two or More Races 29,000 18,000
Hispanic or Latino 197,000 182,000

Source: 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and HealthBack To Top

Teenage girl on stairs

The Monitoring the Future Survey conducted by the University of Michigan in partnership with the National Institute on Drug Abuse has collected information on high-school drug-abuse rates since 1975.

Lifetime prevalence of illicit drug use has fluctuated from highs in the late ’70s and early ’80s to steady decreases in the ’90s and a leveling off in the 2000s. Excluding marijuana, lifetime illicit drug use and alcohol consumption reached all-time lows in 2014.

Lifetime Prevalence of any Illicit Drug Among High Schoolers in Grade 12:

  • 1975: 55.2%
  • 1980: 65.4%
  • 1985: 60.6%
  • 2005: 50.4%
  • 2010: 48.2%
  • 2011: 49.9%
  • 2012: 49.1%
  • 2013: 49.8%
  • 2014: 49.1%

Lifetime Prevalence of any Illicit Drug Other Than Marijuana Among High Schoolers in Grade 12:

  • 1975: 36.2%
  • 1980: 38.7%
  • 1985: 39.7%
  • 1990: 29.4%
  • 1995: 28.1%
  • 2000: 29.0%
  • 2005: 27.4%
  • 2010: 24.7%
  • 2011: 24.9%
  • 2012: 24.1%
  • 2013: 24.8%
  • 2014: 22.6%

Lifetime Prevalence of Alcohol Use Among High Schoolers in Grade 12:

  • 1975: 90.4%
  • 1980: 93.2%
  • 1985: 92.2%
  • 1990: 89.5%
  • 1995: 80.7%
  • 2000: 80.3%
  • 2005: 75.1%
  • 2010: 71.0%
  • 2011: 70.0%
  • 2012: 69.4%
  • 2013: 68.2%
  • 2014: 66.0%
A shot of alcohol and an ashtray

Drug-Related Costs

The financial impact of substance abuse is astronomical. The country loses billions of dollars every year in workplace productivity, unnecessary health care expenses, criminal justice expenditures and costs related to accidental injuries.

Tobacco Costs:

  • Tobacco use cost the nation $289 billion to $332.5 billion annually from 2009 to 2012.
  • Smoking-related illnesses cost the U.S. more than $300 billion in 2014.

Alcohol Costs:

  • The estimated cost of excessive alcohol consumption was $223.5 billion in 2006, about $1.90 per drink.
  • About 75 percent of alcohol-related costs are attributed to binge drinking.

Substance Use Disorder Costs:

  • Substance use disorders cost the country an estimated $276 billion every year.
  • Most costs come from lost work productivity and health care expenses.

Indirect Costs of Mental Health &
Substance Use Disorders in the U.S.

Health Problem Indirect Cost Year of Estimate
Alcohol Abuse and Dependence $134 Billion 1998
Drug Abuse and Dependence $129 Billion 2002
Mental Health Disorders $94 Billion 1992

Source: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration

Man with his arms through his jail cell.

Incarceration and Drug-Related
Arrest Statistics

In 2014, drug-related charges were the most common reason for arrests.

In total, law enforcement arrested about 11.2 million people, including:

  • 1.5 million for drug-abuse violations.
  • 1.1 million for driving under the influence.
  • 414,000 for drunkenness.
  • 321,000 for liquor-law violations.

Nationally, marijuana possession was the most common drug abuse violation. Only 17 percent of federal drug-related arrests were for drug trafficking.

Arrests for drug-abuse violations,
percentage distribution by region, 2014

Drug-abuse violations U.S.
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 5.8%
Marijuana 5.2%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 1.9%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 4.1%
Total Sales and Manufacturing 16.9%
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 17.0%
Marijuana 39.7%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 4.8%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 21.5%
Total Possession 83.1%
Drug-abuse violations Northeast
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 12.0%
Marijuana 5.6%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 1.4%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 2.4%
Total Sales and Manufacturing 21.4%
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 18.6%
Marijuana 44.0%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 3.6%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 12.4%
Total Possession 78.6%
Drug-abuse violations Midwest
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 3.7%
Marijuana 8.1%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 1.2%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 4.8%
Total Sales and Manufacturing 17.8%
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 10.1%
Marijuana 52.0%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 4.8%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 15.2%
Total Possession 82.2%
Drug-abuse violations South
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 5.2%
Marijuana 4.5%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 3.5%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 3.8%
Total Sales and Manufacturing 16.9%
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 13.9%
Marijuana 49.6%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 7.2%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 12.4%
Total Possession 83.1%
Drug-abuse violations West
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 3.9%
Marijuana 4.3%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 0.5%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 5.0%
Total Sales and Manufacturing 13.8%
Heroin or Cocaine and Their Derivatives 24.1%
Marijuana 17.1%
Synthetic or Manufactured Drugs 2.5%
Other Dangerous Nonnarcotic Drugs 42.5%
Total Possession 86.2%

Source: FBI Back To Top

Since the beginning of the war on drugs in the 1970s, the number of people incarcerated in the United States had risen significantly every decade. The number of inmates in federal prisons because of drug charges has recently begun to decline.

Number of Inmates in Federal Prison for Drug-Related Offenses:

  • 1980: 4,749
  • 1985: 9,491
  • 1990: 24,297
  • 1995: 46,667
  • 2000: 74,276
  • 2005: 87,800
  • 2010: 97,800
  • 2014: 95,500

In January 2016, almost 50 percent of all federal inmates in the country were serving sentences for drug-related convictions.

Federal-Prison Inmates in the United
States, January 2016

Offense Number of Inmates
Drug 85,353
Weapons, Explosive, Arson 31,088
Immigration 16,809
Sex Offenses 14,429
Extortion, Fraud, Bribery 11,983
Burglary, Larceny, Property Offenses 8,013
Robbery 6,982
Homicide, Aggravated Assault, and Kidnapping Offenses 5,552
Miscellaneous 1,486
Courts or Corrections 775
Banking and Insurance, Counterfeit, Embezzlement 636
Continuing Criminal Enterprise 430
National Security 72
Offense Percentage of Inmates
Drug 46.5%
Weapons, Explosive, Arson 16.9%
Immigration 9.2%
Sex Offenses 7.9%
Extortion, Fraud, Bribery 6.5%
Burglary, Larceny, Property Offenses 4.4%
Robbery 3.8%
Homicide, Aggravated Assault, and Kidnapping Offenses 3.0%
Miscellaneous 0.8%
Courts or Corrections 0.4%
Banking and Insurance, Counterfeit, Embezzlement 0.3%
Continuing Criminal Enterprise 0.2%
National Security 0.0%

Source: Federal Bureau of Prisons Back To Top



Medical Disclaimer: DrugRehab.com aims to improve the quality of life for people struggling with a substance use or mental health disorder with fact-based content about the nature of behavioral health conditions, treatment options and their related outcomes. We publish material that is researched, cited, edited and reviewed by licensed medical professionals. The information we provide is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It should not be used in place of the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider.

Author
Chris Elkins, MA
Senior Content Writer, DrugRehab.com
Chris Elkins worked as a journalist for three years and was published by multiple newspapers and online publications. Since 2015, he’s written about health-related topics, interviewed addiction experts and authored stories of recovery. Chris has a master’s degree in strategic communication and a graduate certificate in health communication.
@ChrisTheCritic9

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